How the NHS works and the words you will meet — GP, surgery, prescriptions, 111 and A&E. NHS 如何运作以及你会遇到的词汇——全科医生、诊所、处方、111 和急诊。

999 Neutral Neutral

The UK emergency number for ambulance, police and fire. Call it free from any phone when there is a life-threatening emergency, such as chest pain, serious ble…

英国的紧急电话，可呼叫救护车、警察和消防。任何电话均可免费拨打。遇到危及生命的紧急情况——如胸痛、大出血、昏迷或呼吸困难—…

999 vs 111 vs GP Neutral Neutral

The rough rule: 999 for life-threatening emergencies; NHS 111 when you need help urgently but it is not an emergency (or the surgery is closed); your GP for ev…

大致规则：危及生命的急症拨999；紧急但非急症（或诊所已关门）打NHS 111；其他非小病问题找GP；小毛病先问药剂师。

A&E Neutral Neutral

Short for "Accident and Emergency" — the hospital emergency department, open 24 hours. It is for serious and life-threatening problems only. For minor issues, …

急诊科（Accident and Emergency）：医院的急诊部门，24小时开放，只处理严重和危及生命的情况。小问题请找药剂师、GP、免预约…

Ambulance Neutral Neutral

The emergency vehicle that takes seriously ill or injured people to hospital. Call 999 to request one — but only for genuine emergencies. It is not a free taxi…

救护车：把重病或重伤者送往医院的急救车辆。拨打999呼叫——但仅限真正的紧急情况。它不是去医院的免费出租车，非紧急情况请自行…

Antenatal Neutral Neutral

Means "before birth" — antenatal care is the free NHS care you get during pregnancy: midwife appointments, scans and antenatal classes. Contact your GP surgery…

产前：antenatal意为"出生前"——产前护理是孕期免费的NHS服务，包括助产士产检、B超和产前课程。确认怀孕后应尽早联系GP诊所或当…

Antibiotics Neutral Neutral

Medicines for bacterial infections, available only on prescription in the UK. GPs will not prescribe them for colds or flu (which are viruses), and pharmacies …

抗生素：治疗细菌感染的药，在英国只能凭处方购买。感冒和流感是病毒引起的，GP不会为此开抗生素，药店也不能无处方出售。

Appointment Neutral Neutral

A booked time to see a doctor, nurse or dentist. In the UK you almost always need an appointment — you usually can't just walk in and wait to see a GP.

预约好的就诊时间。在英国看GP、护士或牙医几乎都需要预约，一般不能直接走进去排队等着看。

Are you registered here? Neutral Polite

A receptionist's way of asking whether you are a patient at that surgery. If you are not registered, they usually cannot book you in (except as a temporary pat…

前台问你是否在这家诊所注册过。如果没有注册，通常不能预约（临时病人除外）。

Ask your pharmacist Neutral Neutral

Common NHS advice: for minor illnesses like colds, sore throats or rashes, speak to a pharmacist before trying to see a GP. It's free, quick and needs no appoi…

NHS的常见建议：感冒、喉咙痛、皮疹等小毛病，先咨询药剂师再考虑约GP。免费、快捷、无需预约。

Blood test Neutral Neutral

A common test where a nurse takes a small blood sample, at the surgery or a hospital blood clinic. Staff may call it "bloods". Some tests are "fasting" — no fo…

验血：护士抽取少量血样化验，在诊所或医院抽血门诊进行。医护人员口语常说"bloods"。有些是空腹检查——抽血前几小时不能进食——…

Can I ask what it's regarding? Neutral Polite

A question receptionists often ask when you book. They are trained to ask so they can choose the right appointment type. You can answer briefly, or say it's pe…

预约时前台常问的问题："方便问一下是什么事吗？"这是为了安排合适的号。你可以简单回答，也可以说是私人问题。

Can I see a female doctor? Neutral Polite

You can ask to see a female (or male) doctor or nurse when booking, and for intimate examinations this is a completely normal request. The surgery will do its …

"我可以看女医生吗？"预约时可以要求见女（或男）医生或护士，涉及隐私部位检查时这是完全正常的请求。诊所会尽量安排，但可能…

Cancellation Neutral Neutral

An appointment that someone else has cancelled, which you might be able to take at short notice. Also: if you can't attend, always cancel your own appointment …

别人取消的预约名额，你有可能临时补上。另外，如果你去不了，一定要提前取消自己的预约，把名额让给别人。

Carer Neutral Neutral

Someone who looks after a family member or friend who is ill, disabled or elderly, usually unpaid. The NHS and councils offer some support for carers.

照护者：照顾生病、残障或年长亲友的人，通常没有报酬。NHS和地方政府为照护者提供一定支持。

Catchment area Neutral Neutral

The local area that a GP surgery covers. Most surgeries only register patients who live inside their catchment area, so check yours on the surgery's website or…

诊所的服务范围。大多数GP诊所只接收住在其服务范围内的病人，可在诊所官网或NHS官网查询你的地址是否在范围内。

Chaperone Formal Neutral

Another member of staff who stays in the room during an intimate examination. You can always ask for a chaperone, and doctors often offer one — it protects bot…

陪同人员：在隐私部位检查时留在诊室里的另一位工作人员。你随时可以要求陪同，医生也常会主动提出——这对双方都是保护。接受与…

Chemist Informal Neutral

The everyday British word for a pharmacy (and for the pharmacist). "Pop to the chemist" means go to the pharmacy — nothing to do with chemistry labs.

英国人对药店（及药剂师）的日常叫法。"Pop to the chemist"就是去药店，跟化学实验室没有关系。

Cold and flu remedies Neutral Neutral

Over-the-counter products for cold symptoms — hot lemon drinks, lozenges, decongestants (brands like Lemsip and Strepsils). They ease symptoms; rest and fluids…

感冒药品类：缓解感冒症状的非处方产品——热柠檬冲剂、润喉糖、缓解鼻塞的药（如Lemsip、Strepsils等品牌）。它们只缓解症状，恢…

Consultant Neutral Neutral

A senior hospital doctor who leads care in their speciality. In UK hospitals, "consultant" is a job title — it does not mean a business adviser here.

医院的资深专科医生，是科室诊疗的负责人。在英国医院里"consultant"是职称，不是"顾问"的意思。

Contraception Neutral Neutral

Contraception is free on the NHS from GPs and sexual health clinics, including prescriptions for it. Emergency contraception is available from pharmacies, sexu…

避孕：通过GP和性健康诊所获取的避孕措施在NHS下免费，包括相关处方。紧急避孕可在药店、性健康诊所和GP处获得——如有需要请尽快…

Dentist Neutral Neutral

Dental care is separate from GP care. You "join" a dental practice rather than register like a GP, and NHS dentists can be hard to find — many only take privat…

牙医：牙科与GP系统是分开的。你需要自行联系牙科诊所加入，而且接收NHS病人的牙医不好找——很多只接私立病人。对大多数成年人来…

District nurse Neutral Neutral

A nurse who visits patients at home, usually people who cannot easily travel to the surgery. Referrals normally come through the GP.

社区护士：上门为病人服务的护士，主要照顾行动不便、难以去诊所的人。通常由GP转介。

DNA (did not attend) Formal Neutral

What surgeries call it when a patient misses an appointment without cancelling. It wastes NHS time, and patients who repeatedly DNA can be removed from a pract…

指病人没有取消也没有到场（did not attend）。这会浪费NHS资源，多次爽约的病人可能被诊所除名。

eConsult / online consultation Neutral Neutral

An online form on your surgery's website where you describe your problem, and the practice replies or books you in. Many surgeries prefer this for non-urgent i…

在线问诊表单：在诊所官网填写你的情况，诊所会回复或为你安排就诊。很多诊所建议非紧急问题用这种方式。

EHIC / GHIC Formal Neutral

The Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC, which replaced the EHIC for most people) lets UK residents get necessary state healthcare when visiting EU countries. I…

全球健康保险卡（GHIC，已基本取代EHIC）：英国居民赴欧盟国家旅行时可凭它获得必要的公立医疗。在NHS官网免费申请——切勿使用收…

Emergency dental care Neutral Neutral

For severe tooth pain, swelling or a knocked-out tooth when you can't see your own dentist, call your dental practice first; if it's closed or you don't have o…

紧急牙科：牙痛剧烈、面部肿胀或牙齿磕掉时，先联系自己的牙科诊所；如果没有牙医或诊所已关门，打NHS 111安排紧急牙科就诊。只…

Exemption Formal Neutral

Some people don't pay prescription charges in England — for example under-16s, over-60s, pregnant women with an exemption certificate, and people with certain …

减免资格：在英格兰，部分人群免交处方费，如16岁以下、60岁以上、持豁免证明的孕妇、某些疾病患者或领取特定福利者。取药时在…

Eye test Neutral Neutral

A sight and eye-health check at an optician, recommended about every two years. In England most adults pay for it (some groups get free NHS tests — check the N…

验光/眼科检查：在眼镜店进行的视力和眼健康检查，建议约每两年一次。在英格兰大多数成年人需付费（部分人群可享受NHS免费检查…

First aid Neutral Neutral

Basic immediate help for injuries — plasters, bandages, burns under cold water. Workplaces and universities have trained first aiders and first aid kits. For a…

急救：对外伤的基础即时处理——创可贴、绷带、烧烫伤用冷水冲等。单位和大学都有受训的急救员和急救箱。严重情况请拨999。St Joh…

Fit note Formal Neutral

The official name for the doctor's statement about your fitness for work (it replaced the old "sick note"). It can say you are "not fit for work" or "may be fi…

工作适应性证明（fit note）：病假条的官方名称，可写明你"不适合工作"或"在调整条件下可以工作"（如减轻工作量）。病假超过7天…

Flu jab Informal Neutral

The annual flu vaccination, given in autumn. Free on the NHS for certain groups (older people, pregnant women, some health conditions); others can pay a small …

流感疫苗：每年秋季接种。特定人群（老人、孕妇、部分慢性病患者）可通过NHS免费接种，其他人可在很多药店付少量费用接种。"Jab…

Follow-up Neutral Neutral

A second appointment to check how you are doing after treatment or tests. "We'll book you a follow-up in two weeks" is common.

复诊：治疗或检查后再约一次，看恢复情况。医生常说"We'll book you a follow-up in two weeks"（两周后复诊）。

GMS1 form Formal Neutral

The standard paper form for registering with a GP in England. Many surgeries now let you register online instead. You do not need proof of immigration status t…

在英格兰注册GP用的标准表格。现在很多诊所也支持在线注册。注册时不需要提供移民身份证明。

GP Neutral Neutral

Short for "General Practitioner" — a family doctor and the first person you see for most health problems. Your GP can treat you or refer you to a hospital spec…

全科医生（General Practitioner）的缩写。看病通常先找GP，他们可以直接治疗，也可以把你转诊给医院专科医生。

Hay fever Neutral Neutral

An allergy to pollen, very common in the UK in spring and summer — sneezing, itchy eyes, runny nose. Pharmacies sell antihistamines over the counter for it.

花粉症：对花粉过敏，在英国春夏非常普遍——打喷嚏、眼睛痒、流鼻涕。药店有非处方的抗组胺药。

Health centre Neutral Neutral

A building where one or more GP practices work, often with nurses and other services. Many GP surgeries are inside health centres.

健康中心：一栋集中了一个或多个全科诊所的建筑，通常还有护士和其他服务。很多GP诊所设在健康中心里。

Health visitor Neutral Neutral

A nurse who supports families with babies and young children, often visiting the home after a baby is born. This is a normal, free NHS service, not an inspecti…

健康访视员：支持有婴幼儿家庭的护士，宝宝出生后常会上门探访。这是NHS的正常免费服务，不是检查或调查。

How long has it been going on? Neutral Polite

A standard doctor's question about how long you have had the problem. Before your appointment, note when it started, how often it happens and what makes it bet…

医生的常规问题："这种情况持续多久了？"就诊前先记下开始时间、发作频率、什么会加重或缓解——能让短短的问诊更高效。

I'd like to book an appointment Neutral Polite

The standard polite phrase for asking for an appointment at a surgery, dentist or optician, in person or on the phone.

预约就诊的标准礼貌说法，打电话或当面到诊所、牙医、配镜店时都可以用。

I'm allergic to… Neutral Neutral

A vital phrase for telling medical staff about allergies, e.g. "I'm allergic to penicillin." Always mention allergies when seeing a doctor, dentist or pharmaci…

"我对……过敏"：告知医护人员过敏史的重要句型，如"I'm allergic to penicillin"（我对青霉素过敏）。看医生、牙医或买药时务必…

Ibuprofen Neutral Neutral

A common painkiller that also reduces swelling, sold over the counter (brand names include Nurofen). Ask a pharmacist if you are unsure whether it's suitable f…

布洛芬：常见的止痛消炎药，可直接购买（品牌如Nurofen）。不确定是否适合自己时，请咨询药剂师。

Immigration Health Surcharge (IHS) Formal Neutral

A fee most visa applicants pay as part of their UK visa application. Paying it lets you use the NHS broadly like a UK resident during your visa. The amount and…

移民医疗附加费：大多数签证申请人在申请英国签证时需缴纳的费用。缴费后在签证有效期内可像英国居民一样使用NHS大部分服务。金…

Inpatient Neutral Neutral

A patient who stays in hospital at least one night for treatment. Inpatients are given a bed on a ward. NHS inpatient care is free, including meals.

住院病人：因治疗需要在医院至少过夜的病人，会被安排到病房的床位。NHS住院治疗免费，包括餐食。

Interpreter Neutral Neutral

The NHS can provide a free interpreter (including Mandarin and Cantonese) for appointments — ask the receptionist when you book. It's better than relying on a …

翻译服务：NHS可为就诊免费提供翻译（包括普通话和粤语）——预约时向前台提出即可。比让朋友帮忙翻译更可靠，尤其是涉及复杂或私…

It's urgent Neutral Neutral

Say this when booking if your problem cannot wait days — surgeries keep some same-day slots for urgent cases. For life-threatening emergencies, do not wait for…

预约时如果问题不能等好几天，就说"It's urgent"（很紧急）——诊所会留一些当天的紧急号。若有生命危险，不要等GP，直接拨打999。

Jab Informal Neutral

The informal British word for an injection or vaccination. "Have you had your jab?" means "have you had your vaccine?" Americans say "shot".

英式口语中"打针/接种疫苗"的说法。"Have you had your jab?"意为"你打疫苗了吗？"美式英语说"shot"。

Locum Neutral Neutral

A temporary doctor (or pharmacist) covering for the usual one. Seeing "a locum GP" is completely normal — they are fully qualified.

代班医生（或药剂师），临时顶替常驻人员。看到"locum GP"很正常，他们都是有正式资质的医生。

Medication Neutral Neutral

The general word doctors use for medicines you take. "Are you on any medication?" is a standard question at appointments — have a list of names and doses ready.

药物的正式说法。就诊时医生常问"Are you on any medication?"（你目前在服用什么药吗？）——最好准备好药名和剂量清单。

Mental health support Neutral Neutral

If you are struggling with stress, anxiety or low mood, your GP is a normal first step — mental health is treated like any other health issue. NHS talking ther…

心理健康支持：如果被压力、焦虑或情绪低落困扰，找GP是很正常的第一步——心理健康与身体健康同样对待。NHS谈话治疗通常可自行申…

Midwife Neutral Neutral

A health professional who cares for women during pregnancy and birth. In the UK, midwives (not doctors) lead most pregnancy care.

助产士：负责孕期和分娩护理的专业人员。在英国，大部分孕产护理由助产士（而非医生）主导。

Minor injuries unit (MIU) Neutral Neutral

An NHS unit for injuries that need attention but are not emergencies — deep cuts, sprains, minor burns, possible simple fractures. Usually much quicker than A&…

轻伤处理中心（MIU）：处理需要处置但不算急症的外伤——较深的割伤、扭伤、轻度烧烫伤、可能的简单骨折。通常比急诊科快得多。可…

New patient health check Neutral Neutral

A short first appointment some surgeries offer after you register, usually with a nurse. They check things like height, weight and blood pressure and ask about…

新病人体检：注册后部分诊所提供的首次简短检查，通常由护士进行，测身高、体重、血压并询问健康史。

NHS Neutral Neutral

The National Health Service — the UK's public health system. Most NHS care is free at the point of use for people who live in the UK, though some things (like …

英国国家医疗服务体系（National Health Service）。对居住在英国的人来说，大部分NHS医疗在使用时免费，但有些项目（如英格兰…

NHS 111 Neutral Neutral

A free NHS helpline (phone 111, or use 111 online) for urgent health problems that are not life-threatening. Available 24/7, it tells you what to do and can bo…

NHS免费求助热线（拨111或使用111网站），处理紧急但不危及生命的健康问题。全天候服务，会告诉你该怎么做，还能帮你预约非工作…

NHS App Neutral Neutral

The official NHS phone app for England. Once registered with a GP you can use it to order repeat prescriptions, see test results and book some appointments.

NHS官方手机应用（英格兰）。注册GP后可用它续配处方药、查看化验结果、预约部分门诊。

NHS dental bands Formal Neutral

In England, NHS dental charges come in three fixed "bands": Band 1 covers check-ups, Band 2 covers fillings and extractions, Band 3 covers crowns and dentures.…

NHS牙科收费档：英格兰的NHS牙科按三个固定档收费——第1档为检查，第2档为补牙和拔牙，第3档为牙冠和假牙。同一疗程内按一个档位…

NHS number Neutral Neutral

A ten-digit number that identifies you in the NHS. You get one when you first register with a GP in England. It's on prescriptions and hospital letters — keep …

你在NHS系统中的十位数字编号。首次在英格兰注册GP时会获得。处方和医院信件上都会印有这个号码，建议记下来。

NHS Talking Therapies Neutral Neutral

Free NHS services in England offering talking treatments (like CBT) for anxiety, depression and stress. In most areas you can refer yourself online without see…

NHS谈话治疗：英格兰的免费NHS服务，为焦虑、抑郁和压力提供谈话类治疗（如认知行为疗法CBT）。大多数地区可在线自行申请，无需…

Nurse practitioner Neutral Neutral

A highly trained nurse who can assess, diagnose and prescribe for many conditions. Surgeries often book you with a nurse practitioner instead of a GP for minor…

高级执业护士：受过高级培训、可对多种病症进行评估、诊断并开药的护士。小病时诊所常安排你看高级执业护士而不是GP——这很正常…

Operation Neutral Neutral

A surgical procedure — what many learners would call "surgery" in the medical sense. British people usually say "I'm having an operation" or informally "an op"…

手术：外科手术在英式英语里常说"operation"，口语也说"op"。注意区分："the surgery"通常指诊所，而不是手术。

Optician Neutral Neutral

The high-street shop (and professional) for eye tests, glasses and contact lenses — chains include Specsavers, Boots Opticians and Vision Express. You go direc…

配镜师/眼镜店：验光、配眼镜和隐形眼镜的地方——连锁品牌有Specsavers、Boots Opticians、Vision Express等。可直接前往，无需G…

Out-of-hours Neutral Neutral

Describes NHS care outside normal surgery hours — evenings, weekends and bank holidays. If you need a doctor when your surgery is closed, call NHS 111 and they…

非工作时间服务：指诊所正常营业时间之外（晚间、周末、公共假日）的NHS医疗。诊所关门时需要看医生，可打NHS 111，他们能安排…

Outpatient Neutral Neutral

A hospital patient who comes in for an appointment, test or small procedure and goes home the same day. "Your outpatient appointment" is a hospital visit — it …

门诊病人：到医院看诊、做检查或小处置后当天回家的病人。"Outpatient appointment"就是去医院看门诊，不需要住院过夜。

Over the counter Neutral Neutral

Describes medicines you can buy without a prescription, like painkillers and cold remedies. Often shortened to OTC. Some stronger medicines are kept behind the…

非处方（OTC）：不需要处方就能买的药，如止痛药、感冒药。有些稍强的药放在柜台后面，药剂师会先问几个问题。

Paracetamol Neutral Neutral

The most common painkiller in the UK, sold cheaply in every supermarket and pharmacy. It's the same drug Americans call "acetaminophen" (Tylenol). Always follo…

扑热息痛（对乙酰氨基酚）：英国最常见的止痛退烧药，超市和药店都有售且便宜。美国叫"acetaminophen"（泰诺）。务必按包装上的…

Paramedic Neutral Neutral

A trained medical professional who comes with the ambulance and treats people at the scene. They decide whether you need to go to hospital.

急救医护人员：随救护车出勤、在现场进行救治的专业人员，由他们判断是否需要送医院。

Pharmacist Neutral Neutral

The qualified medicines expert at a pharmacy. They prepare prescriptions and can give free advice on minor illnesses — no appointment needed.

药剂师：药店里有资质的药品专家。他们负责配药，也能免费为小病提供建议，无需预约。

Pharmacy Neutral Neutral

A shop where prescriptions are prepared and medicines are sold, often inside chains like Boots or inside supermarkets. Look for a green cross sign.

药店：配处方药和卖药品的地方，常见于Boots等连锁店或超市内。认准绿色十字标志。

Pharmacy First Neutral Neutral

An NHS scheme in England where pharmacists can assess and treat several common conditions (like sore throat or earache in some age groups) and supply some pres…

英格兰的NHS项目：药剂师可直接评估并治疗几种常见病（如喉咙痛、部分年龄段的耳痛），并可提供某些处方药，无需先看GP。详情见…

Physiotherapy Neutral Neutral

Treatment using exercise and movement for muscle, joint and mobility problems, often shortened to "physio". Available on the NHS via referral (in many areas yo…

物理治疗：通过运动和康复训练治疗肌肉、关节和活动能力问题，口语常说"physio"。可通过NHS转诊（许多地区可自行申请），也可自…

Plaster Neutral Neutral

The British word for a small sticky bandage for cuts (American: Band-Aid). A "plaster cast" is the hard cast for a broken bone — context makes it clear.

创可贴的英式说法（美式叫Band-Aid）。"Plaster cast"则指骨折时打的石膏——根据语境区分。

Practice nurse Neutral Neutral

A nurse who works at a GP surgery. They do many appointments themselves: vaccinations, blood tests, dressings, health checks and advice on long-term conditions.

诊所护士：在GP诊所工作的护士，负责很多项目：打疫苗、抽血、换药、体检和慢性病指导等。

Prescription Neutral Neutral

A doctor's order for medicine, now usually sent electronically to a pharmacy of your choice. You collect the medicine from the pharmacy, not the surgery.

处方：医生开的药单，现在通常以电子方式发送到你选择的药店。药要到药店去取，不是在诊所拿。

Prescription charge Neutral Neutral

In England you pay a fixed fee per item on an NHS prescription, whatever the medicine costs. Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have no charge. Check the NHS…

处方费：在英格兰，NHS处方按"每项固定收费"，与药品实际价格无关。苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰免收处方费。当前金额和减免条件见…

Prescription prepayment certificate (PPC) Formal Neutral

A pass you buy that covers all your NHS prescriptions in England for 3 or 12 months. It saves money if you need more than a few items — details on the NHS webs…

处方预付证（PPC）：买一张可覆盖英格兰3个月或12个月内所有NHS处方的"通票"。经常用药的人可以省钱，详情见NHS官网。

Proof of address Neutral Neutral

A document showing where you live, such as a tenancy agreement, bank letter or university letter. Surgeries often ask for it when you register, though NHS guid…

住址证明，比如租房合同、银行信件或学校信件。注册GP时诊所常会要求提供，不过按NHS的规定，没有住址证明也可以注册。

Receptionist Neutral Neutral

The person at the front desk of a surgery who books appointments and answers the phone. They may ask what your problem is — this is normal and helps them book …

诊所前台接待员，负责预约和接电话。他们可能会问你哪里不舒服——这是正常流程，是为了帮你安排合适的医护人员。

Referral Neutral Neutral

When your GP sends you to a hospital specialist for further tests or treatment. On the NHS you cannot usually see a specialist without one. After a referral, t…

转诊：GP把你转给医院专科医生做进一步检查或治疗。在NHS体系里，通常必须经过转诊才能看专科。转诊后医院会写信通知你预约时间…

Registering with a GP Neutral Neutral

Before you can see a GP, you need to join (register with) a local surgery. It's free, and you should do it soon after arriving — don't wait until you are ill. …

看GP之前需要先在当地诊所注册。注册免费，建议到英国后尽快办理，不要等到生病才注册。具体方法见NHS官网。

Repeat prescription Neutral Neutral

A prescription for medicine you take regularly, which you can re-order without seeing the doctor each time — online, in the NHS App or through the surgery. Ord…

续方：长期服用的药可以不用每次看医生就续开——通过网上、NHS App或诊所办理。建议在药吃完前几天就下单。

Samaritans (116 123) Neutral Neutral

A charity offering a free, confidential listening line — call 116 123, any time, day or night, about anything that is troubling you. You don't have to be suici…

撒玛利亚会（Samaritans）：慈善机构提供的免费保密倾诉热线——任何时间拨打116 123，任何困扰都可以谈，并非只有绝望时才能打。…

Same-day appointment Neutral Neutral

An appointment on the day you call, usually kept for urgent problems. You often need to phone early in the morning to get one.

当天预约：当天打电话当天就诊的号，一般留给比较急的情况。通常需要一早打电话才能抢到。

Scan Neutral Neutral

A general word for imaging tests like ultrasound, CT or MRI. You are usually referred for a scan by a GP or hospital doctor, and the appointment comes by lette…

扫描检查的统称，包括超声（ultrasound）、CT和核磁共振（MRI）。通常由GP或医院医生转介，预约以信件通知，结果反馈给转介你的…

Screening Neutral Neutral

NHS programmes that test healthy people for early signs of illness — for example cervical screening (the "smear test") and breast and bowel screening for certa…

筛查：NHS为健康人群进行的疾病早期检测项目——如宫颈筛查（俗称smear test）以及特定年龄段的乳腺癌和肠癌筛查。符合条件时会收…

Self check-in screen Neutral Neutral

A touch screen near the entrance of many surgeries where you confirm you have arrived, usually by entering your date of birth. Then you take a seat and wait to…

很多诊所门口的自助签到屏幕，一般输入出生日期确认到达，然后坐下等叫号。

Self-certification Formal Neutral

For the first 7 calendar days off work sick, you don't need a doctor's note — you just tell your employer yourself, sometimes on a simple form. Do not book a G…

自行申报：病假的前7个自然日不需要医生证明，自己告知雇主即可，有时填一张简单表格。请不要为了短期病假的证明专门去约GP。

Sexual health clinic Neutral Neutral

NHS clinics (sometimes called GUM clinics) offering free, confidential testing and treatment for sexually transmitted infections, plus contraception. You can g…

性健康诊所（也叫GUM诊所）：提供免费、保密的性传播感染检测与治疗以及避孕服务的NHS诊所。可直接前往，无需GP转诊，未经你同…

Sick note Informal Neutral

The everyday name for a doctor's note confirming you are too unwell to work or study. The official name is a "fit note". You only need one after about a week o…

病假条的日常叫法：医生开具的证明，说明你因病无法工作或学习。正式名称是"fit note"。缺勤约一周以上才需要，短期缺勤自行申…

Side effects Neutral Neutral

Unwanted effects a medicine can cause, listed on the leaflet inside the box. If you get bad side effects, contact your GP, pharmacist or NHS 111 — and call 999…

副作用：药物可能带来的不良反应，药盒内的说明书上有列出。若副作用严重，联系GP、药剂师或NHS 111；出现呼吸困难等严重反应请…

Specialist Neutral Neutral

A doctor who deals with one area of medicine, such as skin or heart problems. On the NHS you normally see a specialist only after your GP refers you.

专科医生：只看某一领域（如皮肤、心脏）的医生。在NHS体系里，通常要先由GP转诊才能看专科。

Surgery Neutral Neutral

In the UK, a "surgery" usually means a doctor's or dentist's office — the building where you see your GP. It does NOT necessarily mean an operation. "The surge…

在英国，"surgery"通常指诊所——你看GP的地方，而不一定是"手术"。"The surgery is open until 6pm"意思是诊所开到下午6点。

Take a seat, the doctor will call you Neutral Polite

What reception says after you check in: sit in the waiting room until your name appears on a screen or the doctor calls it. Then go to the room number shown.

签到后前台会说：请坐，医生会叫你。在候诊室等你的名字出现在屏幕上或被叫到，然后去指定的诊室。

Take two tablets twice a day Neutral Neutral

Typical dosage instructions on a medicine label. "Twice a day" = morning and evening; "with food" = eat something first; "complete the course" = finish all the…

药品标签上的典型用法说明。"Twice a day"指早晚各一次；"with food"指随餐服用；"complete the course"指即使感觉好了也要把整…

Telephone consultation Neutral Neutral

A GP appointment that happens by phone instead of face to face. The doctor calls you at a rough time (not always exact), and may then ask you to come in.

电话问诊：GP通过电话而不是面对面看诊。医生会在大概的时间段打给你（不一定准时），必要时再让你来诊所。

Temporary patient Neutral Neutral

If you are staying somewhere for a short time (for example visiting another city), you can ask a local GP surgery to see you as a temporary patient without ful…

临时病人：如果你短期住在别处（比如去另一个城市），可以请当地GP诊所以临时病人身份接诊，无需正式注册。

Test results Neutral Neutral

The outcome of your blood test, scan or other test. Surgeries often only contact you if something needs action — many say "no news is good news" — but you can …

检查结果：验血、扫描等检查的结果。诊所通常只在需要处理时才联系你——常说"没消息就是好消息"——你也可以过几天在NHS App里查看…

The 8am rush Informal Neutral

Many GP surgeries release same-day appointments when phone lines open (often 8am). Lots of people call at once, so lines are busy — keep trying or use the surg…

很多GP诊所在电话线开通时（通常早上8点）放出当天的号，大家同时打电话，线路很忙。可以反复拨打，或使用诊所的在线表单。

Travel insurance (for visitors) Neutral Neutral

Short-term visitors to the UK are not covered for all NHS care — A&E and GP visits are free for everyone, but hospital treatment can be charged to visitors. Vi…

旅行保险（针对访客）：短期来英访客并非所有NHS医疗都免费——急诊科和GP就诊对所有人免费，但医院治疗可能向访客收费。访客应购…

Triage Neutral Neutral

Sorting patients by how urgent their problem is. In A&E a nurse triages you soon after arrival, and the most serious cases are seen first — so you are not seen…

分诊：按病情紧急程度给病人排序。在急诊科，到达后不久会有护士为你分诊，病情最重的先看——所以就诊顺序不按到达先后，轻症可…

University wellbeing service Neutral Neutral

Most UK universities have a free wellbeing or counselling service for students — for stress, homesickness, anxiety and more. Using it is common and confidentia…

大学身心健康服务：英国大多数大学为学生提供免费的心理支持或咨询服务，涵盖压力、思乡、焦虑等。使用它很普遍且保密，不会影…

Urgent treatment centre (UTC) Neutral Neutral

An NHS centre for urgent problems that are not life-threatening, open at least 12 hours a day. You can walk in, or NHS 111 can book you a time slot. Many walk-…

紧急治疗中心（UTC）：处理紧急但不危及生命问题的NHS机构，每天至少开放12小时。可以直接前往，也可通过NHS 111预约时段。许多…

Vaccinations Neutral Neutral

Vaccines on the NHS schedule (childhood jabs, flu, COVID boosters for some groups) are free. Your GP surgery can check whether you are up to date — useful for …

疫苗接种：NHS免疫计划内的疫苗（儿童疫苗、流感疫苗、部分人群的新冠加强针）免费。GP诊所可帮你核对接种记录——对来自不同免疫…

Waiting list Neutral Neutral

The queue for non-urgent NHS hospital treatment after a referral. Waits can be weeks or months depending on the treatment and area. Urgent cases are prioritise…

候诊名单：转诊后等待NHS医院非紧急治疗的队列。视治疗项目和地区不同，可能要等数周到数月，紧急情况会优先。等待期间病情加重…

Walk-in centre Neutral Neutral

An NHS centre you can visit without an appointment for minor illnesses and injuries, such as infections, sprains or small cuts. Useful if you cannot get a GP a…

免预约诊疗中心：无需预约即可就诊的NHS机构，处理小病小伤，如感染、扭伤、小割伤。约不上GP时很有用，但需要现场排队等候。

Ward Neutral Neutral

A hospital room or section with several beds where inpatients stay, usually named or numbered (e.g. "Ward 7"). Wards have set visiting hours — check before you…

病房：医院里有多张床位、供住院病人使用的房间或区域，通常有名称或编号（如"Ward 7"）。病房有固定探视时间，探望前先查好。

What's brought you in today? Neutral Polite

The classic opening question a GP asks at the start of an appointment — it just means "why are you here?" Answer with your main problem first; appointments are…

GP开始问诊时的经典开场白，意思就是"你今天为什么来？"先说最主要的问题；问诊时间很短（约10分钟），要先讲最要紧的事。

X-ray Neutral Neutral

A quick scan used to check bones and the chest, done in hospital X-ray (radiology) departments and some minor injuries units. You usually wait a short time and…

X光检查：用于检查骨骼和胸部的快速影像检查，在医院放射科或部分轻伤处理中心进行。通常稍等片刻即可，影像会发给你的主治医生…