Antibiotics

an-ti-by-OT-iks /ˌæntibaɪˈɒtɪks/
Neutral Neutral

What it really means

Medicines for bacterial infections, available only on prescription in the UK. GPs will not prescribe them for colds or flu (which are viruses), and pharmacies cannot sell them without a prescription.

Chinese explanation
抗生素:治疗细菌感染的药,在英国只能凭处方购买。感冒和流感是病毒引起的,GP不会为此开抗生素,药店也不能无处方出售。

Context, tips & common mistakes

UK doctors prescribe antibiotics conservatively — colds, flu, most sore throats and most coughs are viral, and no amount of feeling terrible makes antibiotics work on a virus. Patients from countries where antibiotics flow freely (or sit on pharmacy shelves) often read this as being fobbed off; it is actually stewardship against resistance, applied to everyone. Pushing rarely moves a UK GP, but honest severity data does: fever duration, breathing changes, symptoms worsening after improving — describe those and the assessment sharpens.

The middle ground you may meet is the 'delayed prescription': a script to cash only if things worsen by day X — take the deal, it works. Non-negotiables: antibiotics are prescription-only here (no pharmacy handouts, and never buy from websites), finish or dispose of courses as directed, and do not import the habit of self-medicating from a stash brought from home — wrong antibiotic, wrong bug, real harm.

Example conversation

A: Can I just buy antibiotics for my cold? B: No — they're prescription-only here, and they don't work on colds anyway.
A:我感冒了,能直接买点抗生素吗? B:不行——在英国抗生素是处方药,而且抗生素对感冒也没用。

What you could say back

No spoken reply needed for this one.

Related phrases

Official sources

Rules and amounts change — confirm important details with the official source.
All Healthcare & NHS
Reviewed by the UK Decoded editorial team · Last checked 17 August 2026 · Report a mistake